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Table 1. List of key cancer-fighting properties in C. roseus.

Metabolites/properties

Extraction process

Key outputs

References

Vinblastine

Alkaloid extraction from leaves

Used in chemotherapy for Hodgkin’s lymphoma and breast cancer

[12]

Vincristine

Alkaloid extraction from leaves

Effective against leukemia and lymphoma

[17]

Vindoline

Solvent extraction

Precursor for vinblastine and vincristine synthesis

[18]

Catharanthine

Solvent extraction

Precursor for vinblastine and vincristine synthesis

[18]

Ajmalicine

Alkaloid extraction from roots

Antihypertensive and anticancer properties

[18]

Serpentine

Solvent extraction

Anticancer and antimicrobial properties

[19]

Vindolicine

Solvent extraction

Potential anticancer activity

[20]

Vindogentianine

Solvent extraction

Potential anticancer activity

[21]