Table 2. QTLs involved in yield, nutritional quality, and biotic-abiotic stress tolerance in alfalfa
|
Traits of QTLs studied |
Number of QTLs |
Mapping tool: marker |
Mapping population |
Ploidy |
Map length(cM) |
References |
|
Forage yield, drought stress |
10-15 |
LM: SSR, SNP |
BC1 |
4x |
1049, 1293 |
[57] |
|
Forage re-growth, yield, and plant height |
86 |
LM |
F1 |
4x |
-- |
[58] |
|
Biomass yield |
41 |
LM: RFLP,SSR |
F1 |
4x |
546 |
[58] |
|
ADF, NDF, ADL |
17 |
AM:SSR |
F2 |
4x |
-- |
[59] |
|
SLR, ADF, NDFD, ADL |
83 |
AM:SNP |
F2 |
4x |
-- |
[42] |
|
Lignin modification gene, ADF, NDF, ADL and TNC |
7 |
AM:SSR,SNP |
F1, F2 |
2x |
-- |
[60] |
|
Verticillium wilt resistance |
56 |
AM: SNP from GBS |
F1 |
4x |
-- |
[61] |
|
Stagonospora root and crown rot resistance |
17 |
LM: SSR, AFLP, |
BC |
4x |
794 |
[62] |
|
Anthracnose resistance |
33 |
LM: SSR, AFLP, |
BC |
4x |
-- |
[63] |
|
Associated with winter hardness, fail growth, and freezing injury |
1-6 |
SMA: RFLP |
BC |
4x |
443 |
[64] |
|
Aluminum tolerance |
7 |
LM: SSR, RFLP, |
BC |
2x |
764 |
[65] |
|
Lodging resistance |
10 |
LM: SNP,AFLP,SRAP |
BC1 |
4x |
1497 |
[66] |
QTL, quantitative trait loci; ADF, acid detergent fiber; NDF, neutral detergent fiber; ADL, acid detergent lignin; SLR, stem/leaf ratio; TNC, total non-structural carbohydrate ;NDFD, neutral detergent fiber digestibility; LM, linkage mapping; AM, Association mapping; SMA, single marker analysis; SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism; AFLP, amplified fragment length polymorphism; RFLP, restriction fragment length polymorphism; GBS, genotyping by sequencing; GWAS, genome wide association mapping; SSR, simple sequence repeat; RAPD, random amplified length polymorphism; SRAP, sequence-related amplified polymorphism; BC, back cross; F1, first filial generation; 4x, tetraploid ; 2x, diploid